As a parent, it can be overwhelming to notice signs that your child may have Sensory Processing Disorder/Differences (SPD), ADHD, or Autism. Getting a diagnosis can open doors to the right support and resources for your child’s unique needs. Here’s an easy step-by-step guide to help you through the process.
1. Know the Signs
Understanding what to look for is the first step. Here are some common signs that may indicate SPD, ADHD, or Autism:
- SPD (Sensory Processing Disorder/Differences): Your child may be overly sensitive to light, sound, textures, or other sensations. They might avoid certain clothes, food textures, or loud environments, or they may actively seek sensory input like spinning or jumping.
- ADHD (Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder): Signs include difficulty focusing, overly polite behavior, restlessness, difficulty with transitions, internalized frustration, impulsive behavior, excessive talking, or being constantly on the move, hyperactive thoughts/inability to stop racing thoughts (not necessarily hyperactive physically).
- Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)/Autism: Look for repetitive behaviors, challenges with communication, avoiding eye contact or needing time to warm up to eye contact/people, exhaustion after socializing, not wanting to socialize, difficulty expressing needs, difficulty with change/transitions, difficulty with social interactions, or a strong preference for routines.
2. Talk to Your Child’s Pediatrician
Start with your child’s pediatrician. Share your observations and concerns clearly. Mention specific behaviors you’ve noticed, and if possible, bring notes or examples. Your pediatrician can provide initial screenings and refer you to specialists if needed.
3. Get Referrals for Specialists
In most cases, your pediatrician will refer you to specialists who can offer a full evaluation. Here are the types of professionals you may need:
- Occupational Therapist (OT): For SPD assessments.
- Developmental Pediatrician: To assess for ADHD, Autism, or other developmental concerns.
- Child Psychologist or Psychiatrist: They can diagnose ADHD, Autism, and provide emotional support.
- Neurologist: In some cases, a neurologist may be involved to rule out other conditions.
4. Early Intervention (Ages 0-3)
If your child is under three, you can also reach out directly to your state’s Early Intervention Program. This is a free service that offers evaluations and therapy for developmental delays and disabilities. You don’t need a doctor’s referral for this step.
Visit the CDC’s Early Intervention website to find your state’s contact information.
5. School-Age Children: Request an Evaluation from the School
If your child is over three and showing signs of SPD, ADHD, or Autism, you can request an evaluation through their school. Here’s how:
- Write a letter or email to the school’s special education coordinator or principal asking for an evaluation.
- The school will set up a meeting and discuss whether an evaluation is appropriate. If approved, they will assess your child for learning differences and developmental concerns.
Even if your child doesn’t qualify for special education services, the evaluation can help you understand their needs.
6. Complete the Diagnostic Process
Once referred to the appropriate specialists, your child will go through several assessments, including:
- Interviews: Parents and caregivers will be asked about the child’s behaviors, milestones, and any concerns.
- Observations: The specialist may observe your child in different settings to assess their behavior and responses.
- Standardized Tests: These help professionals measure your child’s development, sensory responses, attention, and social skills.
7. Receive the Diagnosis and Next Steps
After the assessments, the specialist will meet with you to share the results and diagnosis. They will offer recommendations for therapies, accommodations, and supports. This could include:
- Occupational Therapy for SPD
- Behavior Therapy or Medication for ADHD
- Speech and Social Skills Therapy for Autism
8. Follow-Up Care and Support
Getting a diagnosis is just the first step. Here are some follow-up actions to consider:
- Create a Care Team: Keep in touch with your child’s pediatrician, specialists, and school to ensure they’re receiving the right support.
- Join Parent Support Groups: Connecting with other parents can help you feel less alone and provide tips for navigating the journey.
- Continue Learning: Research therapies, interventions, and strategies that work best for your child’s specific diagnosis.
Final Thoughts
The process of getting a diagnosis for SPD, ADHD, or Autism can feel long and uncertain, but you’re not alone! Remember that understanding your child’s needs is the first step to helping them thrive. If you ever feel unsure, don’t hesitate to ask for support - from doctors, therapists, or fellow parents walking a similar path.
Your child’s unique needs deserve understanding, care, and patience, and the right diagnosis is a key part of making that happen.
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You’ve got this! 🌟
